I was trying to figure out why this seemed so familiar, and I finally remembered what it reminded me of: M.C. Escher's distortion works, and more specifically The Balcony.

Escher is a good bet, but I'm guessing it's more inspired by the op art movement. Victor Vasarely, one of the more notable artists of op art, had seemingly a particular knack for making pictures like this. Here is one of his works.